Raspberry Pi 3に PortAudioを入れて USBマイクを接続して音声入力を行なう方法

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libasound-dev

cd
wget http://www.portaudio.com/archives/pa_stable_v190600_20161030.tgz
tar zxvf pa_stable_v190600_20161030.tgz

cd
cd portaudio
./configure

./configure --help

make

sudo make install

------------------------------------------------------------
PortAudio was successfully installed.

On some systems (e.g. Linux) you should run 'ldconfig' now
to make the shared object available.  You may also need to
modify your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to include
the directory /usr/local/lib
------------------------------------------------------------

cd
nano .bashrc

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib

pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio $ ./configure --help
`configure' configures this package to adapt to many kinds of systems.

Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...

To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.

Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.

Configuration:
  -h, --help              display this help and exit
      --help=short        display options specific to this package
      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages
  -V, --version           display version information and exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print `checking ...' messages
      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]
  -C, --config-cache      alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
  -n, --no-create         do not create output files
      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']

Installation directories:
  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                          [/usr/local]
  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
                          [PREFIX]

By default, `make install' will install all the files in
`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc.  You can specify
an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix',
for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.

For better control, use the options below.

Fine tuning of the installation directories:
  --bindir=DIR            user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
  --sbindir=DIR           system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
  --libexecdir=DIR        program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
  --sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
  --sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
  --localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
  --libdir=DIR            object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
  --includedir=DIR        C header files [PREFIX/include]
  --oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
  --datarootdir=DIR       read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
  --datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
  --infodir=DIR           info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
  --localedir=DIR         locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
  --mandir=DIR            man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
  --docdir=DIR            documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/PACKAGE]
  --htmldir=DIR           html documentation [DOCDIR]
  --dvidir=DIR            dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
  --pdfdir=DIR            pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
  --psdir=DIR             ps documentation [DOCDIR]

System types:
  --build=BUILD     configure for building on BUILD [guessed]
  --host=HOST       cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]
  --target=TARGET   configure for building compilers for TARGET [HOST]

Optional Features:
  --disable-option-checking  ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
  --enable-debug-output   Enable debug output [no]
  --enable-cxx            Enable C++ bindings [no]
  --enable-mac-debug      Enable Mac debug [no]
  --enable-mac-universal  Build Mac universal binaries [yes]
  --enable-shared[=PKGS]  build shared libraries [default=yes]
  --enable-static[=PKGS]  build static libraries [default=yes]
  --enable-fast-install[=PKGS]
                          optimize for fast installation [default=yes]
  --disable-libtool-lock  avoid locking (might break parallel builds)

Optional Packages:
  --with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
  --without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
  --with-alsa             Enable support for ALSA [autodetect]
  --with-jack             Enable support for JACK [autodetect]
  --with-oss              Enable support for OSS [autodetect]
  --with-asihpi           Enable support for ASIHPI [autodetect]
  --with-winapi           Select Windows API support
                          ([wmme|directx|asio|wasapi|wdmks][,...]) [wmme]
  --with-asiodir          ASIO directory [/usr/local/asiosdk2]
  --with-dxdir            DirectX directory [/usr/local/dx7sdk]

  --with-pic[=PKGS]       try to use only PIC/non-PIC objects [default=use
                          both]
  --with-gnu-ld           assume the C compiler uses GNU ld [default=no]
  --with-sysroot=DIR Search for dependent libraries within DIR
                        (or the compiler's sysroot if not specified).

Some influential environment variables:
  CC          C compiler command
  CFLAGS      C compiler flags
  LDFLAGS     linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a
              nonstandard directory <lib dir>
  LIBS        libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library>
  CPPFLAGS    (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if
              you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir>
  CXX         C++ compiler command
  CXXFLAGS    C++ compiler flags
  CPP         C preprocessor
  CXXCPP      C++ preprocessor
  PKG_CONFIG  path to pkg-config utility
  PKG_CONFIG_PATH
              directories to add to pkg-config's search path
  PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR
              path overriding pkg-config's built-in search path
  JACK_CFLAGS C compiler flags for JACK, overriding pkg-config
  JACK_LIBS   linker flags for JACK, overriding pkg-config

Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help
it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.

Report bugs to the package provider.

pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio/bin $ ./pa_devs
ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1052:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.rear
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.center_lfe
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.side
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.hdmi
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.hdmi
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.modem
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.modem
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.phoneline
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.phoneline
ALSA lib confmisc.c:1281:(snd_func_refer) Unable to find definition 'defaults.bluealsa.device'
ALSA lib conf.c:4528:(_snd_config_evaluate) function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib conf.c:4996:(snd_config_expand) Args evaluate error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM bluealsa
ALSA lib confmisc.c:1281:(snd_func_refer) Unable to find definition 'defaults.bluealsa.device'
ALSA lib conf.c:4528:(_snd_config_evaluate) function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib conf.c:4996:(snd_config_expand) Args evaluate error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM bluealsa
ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1052:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
PortAudio version: 0x00130600
Version text: 'PortAudio V19.6.0-devel, revision 396fe4b6699ae929d3a685b3ef8a7e97396139a4'
Number of devices = 6
--------------------------------------- device #0
[ Default Input ]
Name                        = USB PnP Sound Device: Audio (hw:0,0)
Host API                    = ALSA
Max inputs = 1, Max outputs = 0
Default low input latency   =   0.0087
Default low output latency  =  -1.0000
Default high input latency  =   0.0348
Default high output latency =  -1.0000
Default sample rate         = 44100.00
Supported standard sample rates
 for half-duplex 16 bit 1 channel input =
        44100.00, 48000.00
--------------------------------------- device #1
Name                        = bcm2835 ALSA: - (hw:1,0)
Host API                    = ALSA
Max inputs = 0, Max outputs = 2
Default low input latency   =  -1.0000
Default low output latency  =   0.0058
Default high input latency  =  -1.0000
Default high output latency =   0.0348
Default sample rate         = 44100.00
Supported standard sample rates
 for half-duplex 16 bit 2 channel output =
         8000.00,  9600.00, 11025.00, 12000.00,
        16000.00, 22050.00, 24000.00, 32000.00,
        44100.00, 48000.00
--------------------------------------- device #2
Name                        = bcm2835 ALSA: IEC958/HDMI (hw:1,1)
Host API                    = ALSA
Max inputs = 0, Max outputs = 2
Default low input latency   =  -1.0000
Default low output latency  =   0.0058
Default high input latency  =  -1.0000
Default high output latency =   0.0348
Default sample rate         = 44100.00
Supported standard sample rates
 for half-duplex 16 bit 2 channel output =
        44100.00, 48000.00
--------------------------------------- device #3
Name                        = sysdefault
Host API                    = ALSA
Max inputs = 128, Max outputs = 0
Default low input latency   =   0.0213
Default low output latency  =  -1.0000
Default high input latency  =   0.0213
Default high output latency =  -1.0000
Default sample rate         = 48000.00
Supported standard sample rates
 for half-duplex 16 bit 128 channel input =
         8000.00,  9600.00, 11025.00, 16000.00,
        22050.00, 32000.00, 44100.00, 48000.00,
        88200.00
--------------------------------------- device #4
Name                        = spdif
Host API                    = ALSA
Max inputs = 1, Max outputs = 0
Default low input latency   =   0.0087
Default low output latency  =  -1.0000
Default high input latency  =   0.0348
Default high output latency =  -1.0000
Default sample rate         = 44100.00
Supported standard sample rates
 for half-duplex 16 bit 1 channel input =
        44100.00, 48000.00
--------------------------------------- device #5
[ Default Output ]
Name                        = default
Host API                    = ALSA
Max inputs = 0, Max outputs = 2
Default low input latency   =  -1.0000
Default low output latency  =   0.0058
Default high input latency  =  -1.0000
Default high output latency =   0.0348
Default sample rate         = 44100.00
Supported standard sample rates
 for half-duplex 16 bit 2 channel output =
         8000.00,  9600.00, 11025.00, 12000.00,
        16000.00, 22050.00, 24000.00, 32000.00,
        44100.00, 48000.00
----------------------------------------------

pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio/bin $ ./paex_record
patest_record.c
ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1052:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.rear
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.center_lfe
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.side
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.hdmi
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.hdmi
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.modem
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.modem
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.phoneline
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.phoneline
ALSA lib confmisc.c:1281:(snd_func_refer) Unable to find definition 'defaults.bluealsa.device'
ALSA lib conf.c:4528:(_snd_config_evaluate) function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib conf.c:4996:(snd_config_expand) Args evaluate error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM bluealsa
ALSA lib confmisc.c:1281:(snd_func_refer) Unable to find definition 'defaults.bluealsa.device'
ALSA lib conf.c:4528:(_snd_config_evaluate) function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib conf.c:4996:(snd_config_expand) Args evaluate error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM bluealsa
ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1052:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
Expression 'parameters->channelCount <= maxChans' failed in 'src/hostapi/alsa/pa_linux_alsa.c', line: 1513
Expression 'ValidateParameters( inputParameters, hostApi, StreamDirection_In )' failed in 'src/hostapi/alsa/pa_linux_alsa.c', line: 2813
An error occured while using the portaudio stream
Error number: -9998
Error message: Invalid number of channels
pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio/bin $ sudo ./paex_record
patest_record.c
ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1052:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.rear
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.center_lfe
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.side
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.hdmi
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.hdmi
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.modem
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.modem
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.phoneline
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.phoneline
ALSA lib confmisc.c:1281:(snd_func_refer) Unable to find definition 'defaults.bluealsa.device'
ALSA lib conf.c:4528:(_snd_config_evaluate) function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib conf.c:4996:(snd_config_expand) Args evaluate error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM bluealsa
ALSA lib confmisc.c:1281:(snd_func_refer) Unable to find definition 'defaults.bluealsa.device'
ALSA lib conf.c:4528:(_snd_config_evaluate) function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib conf.c:4996:(snd_config_expand) Args evaluate error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM bluealsa
ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1052:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1052:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave

=== Now recording!! Please speak into the microphone. ===
index = 41984
index = 86016
index = 130560
index = 174592
index = 218624
index = 220500
sample max amplitude = 0.02807617
sample average = 0.002332

=== Now playing back. ===
Waiting for playback to finish.
Done.

$ gcc paex_record.c -lportaudio
paex_record.c:46:23: fatal error: portaudio.h: No such file or directory
 #include "portaudio.h"
                       ^
compilation terminated.

gcc paex_record.c -lportaudio

sudo apt-get install flac

flac --endian=little --channels=1 --bps=16 --sample-rate=16000 --sign=signed recorded.raw

pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio/examples $ flac --endian=little --channels=1 --bps=16 --sample-rate=16000 --sign=signed recorded.raw

flac 1.3.2
Copyright (C) 2000-2009  Josh Coalson, 2011-2016  Xiph.Org Foundation
flac comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.  This is free software, and you are
welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.  Type `flac' for details.

recorded.raw: wrote 108162 bytes, ratio=0.659

　音声出力の音量の設定
$ alsamixer

　音声出力 ヘッドホンジャック
$ amixer cset numid=3 1

　スピーカーのテスト
$ speaker-test -t sine -f 800

pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio $ cat /proc/asound/modules
 0 snd_bcm2835
 1 snd_usb_audio

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

options snd slots=snd_usb_audio,snd_bcm2835
options snd_usb_audio index=0
options snd_bcm2835 index=1

sudo reboot

cat /proc/asound/modules

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat /proc/asound/modules
 0 snd_usb_audio
 1 snd_bcm2835

lsusb

pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio $ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 006: ID 0e8f:2517 GreenAsia Inc.
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 058f:9254 Alcor Micro Corp. Hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0d8c:013c C-Media Electronics, Inc. CM108 Audio Controller
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMSC9512/9514 Fast Ethernet Adapter
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9514 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMC9514 Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

arecord -l

pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio $ arecord -l
**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****
card 1: Device [USB PnP Sound Device], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

amixer sget Mic -c 1

pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio $ amixer sget Mic -c 1
Simple mixer control 'Mic',0
  Capabilities: cvolume cvolume-joined cswitch cswitch-joined
  Capture channels: Mono
  Limits: Capture 0 - 16
  Mono: Capture 0 [0%] [0.00dB] [on]

amixer sset Mic 16 -c 1

pi@raspberrypi:~/portaudio $ amixer sset Mic 16 -c 1
Simple mixer control 'Mic',0
  Capabilities: cvolume cvolume-joined cswitch cswitch-joined
  Capture channels: Mono
  Limits: Capture 0 - 16
  Mono: Capture 16 [100%] [23.81dB] [on]

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